
Floor Covering- Tiling in Building Construction
Tiling in building construction is used as flooring, platform, partition, etc. Various types such as granite stone, Kota stone, glazed tiles, ceramic tiles, etc. are used for the floor covering. Here, the laying of different types of floor covering are described.
- Laying Marbo granite vitrified tiles
The surface
should be cleaned and prepared before laying the tiles. 1st quality of
Marbogranite vitrified tiles of 600 x 600 mm or 800 x 800 mm size of 75 or 100
mm, high skirting of approved make, colour, and shade is to be laid in the
flooring as per Architects. 20 mm thick
mortar bed consists of 1 portion of cement and 3 portions of sand are prepared
and a layer of cement mortar is to be laid on the floor. The marbogranite
vitrified tiles should be cut into the required size and the tiles are laid on
the cement mortar. The joints should be filled with epoxy paint filler of
approved colour & shade at all levels and all heights. The flooring should
be kept wet for at least 7 days and the surface should be cleaned with a soft
cloth or brush after laying of tiles as directed by the Engineer in charge.
- Laying Granite stone slab
A granite
stone slab is to be laid on the mortar bedding of 30 mm thick in the ratio of 1
part of cement and 4 parts of sand. The base concrete should be cleaned and
leveled before the process of laying granite stone. The granite stone should be
cut to the required sizes and provision for holes should be made. 20 mm thick
polished granite stone slab should be laid for flooring and skirting. The
joints should be grouted with matching colour cement. The flooring should be
cured for at least 7 days and the top surface should be machine polished after
laying as per the instruction of the Engineer in charge.
- Laying blue Kota Stone
The mortar mix of 25mm thick in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 4 parts of sand is
prepared and spread. The surface on which kota stone is to be laid should be
cleaned before the laying process. Each
stone should be dressed along the sides for a straight edge and the edges
should be rubbed before paving. 25mm thick polished machine-cut edge blue Kota
Stone of size 600 x 450 mm should be laid for flooring and skirting. Provision
for holes for pipes should be made and the joints should be grouted with matching
colour cement. The flooring should be cured for at least 7 days and the top
surface should be machine polished after laying as per the instruction of the
Engineer in charge
- Laying Kota Stone for staircase
25 mm thick
Kota stone slab is to be laid on 12 mm thick cement mortar for staircase
treads, risers, and landings in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 3 parts of
coarse sand. The Kota stone slab should be paved to the required size before
laying. For treads, a single-piece Kota stone slab to full length and width of
treads should be provided. The nosing should be half rounded and 3 parallel
grooves of 5 X 5 mm behind the nosing edge should be provided to avoid
skidding. The joints should be finished with white cement slurry mixed with
pigment to match the shade of the slabs. The surface should be true to levels,
lines, and shapes as instructed by the Engineer in charge.
- Laying Ceramic tiles
The surface
should be brushed, cleaned, and prepared before laying the tiles. Ceramic tiles
of approved make are to be laid in flooring, skirting, and dado over 12mm thick
cement mortar mix bed in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 3 parts of coarse
sand to proper level or slope. The ceramic tiles should be fixed with 3mm wide
spacers where ever required as per the drawing. The joints should be filled
with epoxy paint filler of approved colour & shade at all levels and all
heights. The floor should be kept wet for at least 7 days and it should be
cleaned as directed by the Engineer in charge.
- Laying Glazed tiles
Screen
printed glazed tiles of the required size of approved make, colour and shade is
to be laid on the mortar bed. The mortar mix of 25mm thick in the ratio of 1
part of cement and 3 parts of sand is prepared. The screen-printed glazed tiles
should be fixed with 3mm wide spacers where ever required as per the drawing.
The joints should be filled with epoxy paint filler of approved colour &
shade at all levels and all heights. The floor should be cured and it should be
cleaned as directed by the Engineer in charge.
- Laying stone for Door or window Jambs & sill
One side
polished stone of minimum 1500 mm long is provided for 300 mm wide Door or
window Jambs & sill with half-round edge polish on one side and edge polish
on the other side. The stone should be cut into two pieces of the required size
and fixed in a staggered manner. The stone should be overlapped with adhesive
material as required. The joints should be filled with white cement and curing
should be done. The measurements shall be per running meter of total laid
length only. The rate shall include laying in the proper position, painting
with white cement, curing and cleaning, etc.
- Laying Granite Stone slab & Kota Stone for kitchen
platform
The base
should be cleaned and leveled before the laying process. The cement mortar mix
of 25 mm thick in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 4 parts of sand is prepared
and laid on the kitchen platform. 20 mm thick one side polished Granite stone
slab is laid on the top and 25 mm thick polished kota stone is laid on the
bottom of the sandwich-type kitchen platform. 3 numbers of vertical sandwich
support comprising 2 number of Kota stone is to be provided at each support. The walls should be chased and provision for
holes for sinks should be made. The top surface should be polished after laying
and it should be cured as per the instruction of the Engineer in charge.
- Laying of Granite Stone slab & Kota Stone for washbasin
The washbasin
counter should be constructed of machine polished 20mm thick granite stone over
25 mm thick Kota stone. The stone is to be laid with cement sand mortar in the
ratio of 1 part of cement and 4 parts of sand. The holes for the washbasin, bibcock,
and pipelines should be cut neat and clean. The edges should be moulded as
directed by the Architect or Engineer in charge. The connection for the water
inlet should be made and the joints should be grouted with white cement.
- Laying polished Granite slabs
A granite slab of 18 to 20 mm thickness is to be fixed in the wall on the sides of the platform. Jari should be filled with cement mortar in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 3 parts of coarse sand. The base surface should be cleaned before the process of laying the granite slab. The granite slab should be cut neat to the required sizes and chamfered as required. The joints should be grouted with matching colour cement and the top surface should be polished after laying as per instruction of the Engineer in charge. The measurement shall be taken as per the net plan area of the granite slab fixed.
- Laying Granite for partition wall
A granite
stone of 18 mm thickness is to be fixed in the partition wall on a clean
leveled surface. The granite stone should be machine cut to required sizes and
the edges should be polished on both sides as well as on edge with a rounded
top. The brickwork should be chased and the joints should be finished with
cement mortar in the ratio of 1 part of cement and 3 parts of coarse sand. The
top surface should be polished after laying and cured as per the instruction of
the Engineer in charge.
- Laying China Mosaic flooring
The terrace should be cleaned thoroughly with water and extra mortar accumulated on the terrace should be chiseled. Brickbats should be fixed and cement mortar is spread in required proportion with a waterproofing compound. China mosaic pieces are to be laid on the mortar bed uniformly and after laying of china mosaic, it should be moulded to achieve a uniform surface. White cement @ 4.0 kg./ sqm is applied over the joints of the surface with different matching coloured glazed tiles. The surface is cleaned to remove excess white cement and it is cured for at least 7 days. The only plan area is to be taken for measurement purposes.
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